return the arc-tangent of the parameters
float atan(float x)vec2 atan(vec2 x)vec3 atan(vec3 x)vec4 atan(vec4 x)float atan(float y, float x)vec2 atan(vec2 y, vec2 x)vec3 atan(vec3 y, vec3 x)vec4 atan(vec4 y, vec4 x)y: Specify the numerator of the fraction whose arctangent to return.x: Specify the denominator of the fraction whose arctangent to return.y_over_x: Specify the fraction whose arctangent to return.atan returns the angle whose trigonometric arctangent is
$$
\frac{y}{x}
$$
or 𝑦_𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟_𝑥, depending on which overload is invoked. In the first overload, the signs of 𝑦 and 𝑥 are used to determine the quadrant that the angle lies in. The values returned by atan in this case are in the range [−𝜋,𝜋]. Results are undefined if 𝑥 is zero.
For the second overload, atan returns the angle whose tangent is 𝑦_𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟_𝑥. Values returned in this case are in the range
$$ \left[ -\frac{\pi}{2}, \frac{\pi}{2} \right] $$